27 real Testing & Standards questions from the Embedded Systems bank, as asked in Indian campus drives and tech interviews. Every question has a verified answer and an AI-tutor explanation on placd — free to start.
1. What is MISRA C:2012?
Junior
A.tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
B.medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
C.coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated
D.statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
2. Which term means: "coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated"?
A.MISRA C:2012 — basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
B.MISRA C:2012 — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
C.MISRA C:2012 — coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated
D.MISRA C:2012 — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
A.European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
B.basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
C.software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
D.radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
5. Which term means: "software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O"?
A.HIL versus SIL — radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
B.HIL versus SIL — software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
C.HIL versus SIL — airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
D.HIL versus SIL — basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
A.tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
B.radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
C.coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated
D.European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
8. Which term means: "tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it"?
A.Static analysis — software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
B.Static analysis — radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
C.Static analysis — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
D.Static analysis — medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
A.software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
B.tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
C.airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
D.basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
11. Which term means: "basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511"?
A.IEC 61508 — radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
B.IEC 61508 — basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
C.IEC 61508 — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
D.IEC 61508 — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
A.software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
B.European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
C.medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
D.statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
14. Which term means: "medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour"?
A.IEC 62304 — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
B.IEC 62304 — European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
C.IEC 62304 — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
D.IEC 62304 — medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
A.coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated
B.radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
C.software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
D.airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
17. Which term means: "airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A"?
A.DO-178C — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
B.DO-178C — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
C.DO-178C — medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
D.DO-178C — airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
A.software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
B.European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
C.basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
D.radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
20. Which term means: "European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US"?
A.CE and FCC marking — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
B.CE and FCC marking — European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
C.CE and FCC marking — basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
D.CE and FCC marking — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
A.basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
B.coding guidelines with mandatory, required and advisory rules restricting C to a safer subset, with compliance requiring recorded deviations for any required rule violated
C.tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
D.radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
23. Which term means: "radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber"?
A.EMC testing — tools such as Coverity, Polyspace or Cppcheck finding null dereferences, overflows and coding-rule violations by examining source without executing it
B.EMC testing — radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
C.EMC testing — European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
D.EMC testing — medical device software lifecycle standard with safety classes A, B and C by harm potential, dictating documentation, risk management and problem-resolution rigour
A.airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
B.European conformity declaration under directives such as EMC 2014/30/EU and RED 2014/53/EU; FCC Part 15 certifies unintentional and intentional radiators for the US
C.statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
D.basic functional safety standard for E/E/PE systems defining SIL 1–4 by probability of dangerous failure, the parent of ISO 26262, IEC 62304 and IEC 61511
26. Which term means: "statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome"?
A.Code coverage metrics — radiated and conducted emissions per CISPR 32 and immunity per IEC 61000-4-x (ESD, radiated RF, fast transients, surge), run at an accredited lab in a semi-anechoic chamber
B.Code coverage metrics — software-in-the-loop runs the controller code against a plant model on a PC; hardware-in-the-loop runs the real ECU against a real-time simulator with physical I/O
C.Code coverage metrics — airborne software standard with design assurance levels A to E, requiring traceability from requirements to tests and structural coverage up to MC/DC at Level A
D.Code coverage metrics — statement, branch and MC/DC; modified condition/decision coverage, required for DO-178C Level A and ASIL D, shows each condition independently affects the decision outcome
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