27 real Pressure Vessels & Piping Design questions from the Mechanical Design bank, as asked in Indian campus drives and tech interviews. Every question has a verified answer and an AI-tutor explanation on placd — free to start.
1. What is Cylindrical shell thickness?
Junior
A.t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
B.t = PR/(SE − 0.6P) for internal pressure under ASME VIII-1, with circumferential stress governing
C.two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
D.area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
A.Cylindrical shell thickness — area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
B.Cylindrical shell thickness — maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component
C.Cylindrical shell thickness — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
D.Cylindrical shell thickness — t = PR/(SE − 0.6P) for internal pressure under ASME VIII-1, with circumferential stress governing
5. Which term means: "pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3"?
A.Hydrostatic test — t = PR/(SE − 0.6P) for internal pressure under ASME VIII-1, with circumferential stress governing
B.Hydrostatic test — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
C.Hydrostatic test — area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
D.Hydrostatic test — U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
8. Which term means: "area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad"?
A.Nozzle reinforcement — area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
B.Nozzle reinforcement — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
C.Nozzle reinforcement — t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
D.Nozzle reinforcement — safety valve set at or below MAWP with 10% accumulation allowed, or 21% for the fire case, under ASME VIII UG-125
A.two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
B.dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
C.t = PR/(SE − 0.6P) for internal pressure under ASME VIII-1, with circumferential stress governing
D.maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component
11. Which term means: "dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure"?
A.Torispherical head — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
B.Torispherical head — dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
C.Torispherical head — t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
D.Torispherical head — two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
A.dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
B.maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component
C.safety valve set at or below MAWP with 10% accumulation allowed, or 21% for the fire case, under ASME VIII UG-125
D.U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
14. Which term means: "maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component"?
A.two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
B.dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
C.U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
D.t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
17. Which term means: "two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis"?
A.Saddle supports — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
B.Saddle supports — maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component
C.Saddle supports — t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
D.Saddle supports — two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
A.area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
B.U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
C.two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
D.dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
20. Which term means: "U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads"?
A.Expansion loop — dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
B.Expansion loop — t = PR/(SE − 0.6P) for internal pressure under ASME VIII-1, with circumferential stress governing
C.Expansion loop — area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
D.Expansion loop — U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
A.t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
B.dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
C.U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
D.area-replacement method of UG-37 requiring metal removed by the opening to be replaced within limits by shell excess, nozzle wall and pad
A.B31.3 pipe wall thickness — t = PD/2(SEW + PY) plus corrosion allowance and 12.5% mill under-tolerance, then rounded up to a standard schedule
B.B31.3 pipe wall thickness — U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
C.B31.3 pipe wall thickness — dished head with crown radius equal to the vessel diameter and 6% knuckle radius, cheaper than a 2:1 ellipsoidal head but thicker at the same pressure
D.B31.3 pipe wall thickness — two supports for a horizontal vessel placed near 0.2 of the length from each end, with local shell stresses checked by Zick analysis
A.Relief valve set pressure — maximum allowable working pressure at the top of the vessel in the operating position at design temperature, set by its weakest component
B.Relief valve set pressure — safety valve set at or below MAWP with 10% accumulation allowed, or 21% for the fire case, under ASME VIII UG-125
C.Relief valve set pressure — U-shaped run of pipe that absorbs thermal growth of about 1.2 mm per metre per 100 °C for carbon steel, analysed for stress and nozzle loads
D.Relief valve set pressure — pressure test at 1.3 times MAWP corrected by the stress ratio under ASME VIII-1 UG-99, and 1.5 times design pressure under B31.3
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