27 real Piping & Hydraulics questions from the Process Design bank, as asked in Indian campus drives and tech interviews. Every question has a verified answer and an AI-tutor explanation on placd — free to start.
1. What is ASME B31.3?
Junior
A.ΔP = f (L/D) (ρv²/2) using the Darcy friction factor, with fittings added as equivalent length or K resistance coefficients
B.process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
C.bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
D.check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
2. Which term means: "process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure"?
A.ASME B31.3 — ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
B.ASME B31.3 — process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
C.ASME B31.3 — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
D.ASME B31.3 — API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
A.Liquid line velocity — typical design of 1–3 m/s for pump discharge and 0.5–1.5 m/s for suction to limit pressure drop and protect NPSH
B.Liquid line velocity — pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
C.Liquid line velocity — process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
D.Liquid line velocity — check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
A.Erosional velocity — pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
B.Erosional velocity — process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
C.Erosional velocity — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
D.Erosional velocity — API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
A.typical design of 1–3 m/s for pump discharge and 0.5–1.5 m/s for suction to limit pressure drop and protect NPSH
B.ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
C.check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
D.API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
A.Flange pressure class — ΔP = f (L/D) (ρv²/2) using the Darcy friction factor, with fittings added as equivalent length or K resistance coefficients
B.Flange pressure class — ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
C.Flange pressure class — process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
D.Flange pressure class — typical design of 1–3 m/s for pump discharge and 0.5–1.5 m/s for suction to limit pressure drop and protect NPSH
A.API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
B.ΔP = f (L/D) (ρv²/2) using the Darcy friction factor, with fittings added as equivalent length or K resistance coefficients
C.process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
D.ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
A.Darcy-Weisbach pressure drop — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
B.Darcy-Weisbach pressure drop — API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
C.Darcy-Weisbach pressure drop — pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
D.Darcy-Weisbach pressure drop — ΔP = f (L/D) (ρv²/2) using the Darcy friction factor, with fittings added as equivalent length or K resistance coefficients
A.typical design of 1–3 m/s for pump discharge and 0.5–1.5 m/s for suction to limit pressure drop and protect NPSH
B.bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
C.pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
D.process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
17. Which term means: "bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges"?
A.Two-phase flow regimes — check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
B.Two-phase flow regimes — wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises
C.Two-phase flow regimes — pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
D.Two-phase flow regimes — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
A.pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
B.check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
C.typical design of 1–3 m/s for pump discharge and 0.5–1.5 m/s for suction to limit pressure drop and protect NPSH
D.wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises
20. Which term means: "wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises"?
A.Pipe schedule — process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
B.Pipe schedule — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
C.Pipe schedule — ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
D.Pipe schedule — wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises
A.process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
B.check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
C.ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
D.pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
23. Which term means: "check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed"?
A.Pipe stress analysis — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
B.Pipe stress analysis — wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises
C.Pipe stress analysis — ASME B16.5 rating (150, 300, 600 and up) whose allowable pressure falls with temperature according to the material group
D.Pipe stress analysis — check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
A.pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
B.check of thermal expansion, sustained and occasional loads against B31.3 allowables, typically in CAESAR II, with expansion loops or spring hangers added where needed
C.process piping code for refineries and chemical plants covering design, materials, fabrication, examination and testing, with hydrotest at 1.5 times design pressure
D.API RP 14E limit V = C/√ρ (C about 100 in US units) above which erosion of fittings and elbows in gas-liquid lines accelerates
26. Which term means: "pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief"?
A.Water hammer — ΔP = f (L/D) (ρv²/2) using the Darcy friction factor, with fittings added as equivalent length or K resistance coefficients
B.Water hammer — wall-thickness designation (Sch 40, 80, STD, XS) where nominal size stays fixed and inner diameter shrinks as the schedule number rises
C.Water hammer — pressure surge from rapid valve closure equal to ρ·c·Δv by the Joukowsky relation, mitigated by slower closure, surge vessels or relief
D.Water hammer — bubble, slug, annular and mist patterns identified on a Baker map; slug flow is avoided in lines because of vibration and separator surges
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